VMS -- Botany (f02r)Spotted Knapweed

["Dana F. Scott" <dfscott@xxxxxxxxxxx>]

As noted at http://www.voynich.nu/q01.html this plant is no doubt
represents a species of Spotted Knapweed. There are a great many
varieties of Centaurea. What makes the identification somewhat difficult
here is in part the leaves. From what I can determine, what looks like a
group/bunch of leaves may in fact represent a single leaf (note the f02r
labeling next to the middle right 'bunch' of leaves in the VMS which may
refer to this type of leaf structure).

Photo---
Centaurea nigrescens: [id not certain]
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/dcs420/b/hdw12089976s.jpg

Centaruea maculosa:
http://dreamwater.com/moflora/Pinkalt/Centaurea_maculosa_page.html
http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/esadocs/centmacu.html
http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/croplive/cropprot/weedguid/spotknap.htm

Centaurea tauromenitana:
http://www.dipbot.unict.it/orto/0440-1.html
http://www.dsb.unipi.it/Horti/Catania/obct_F9.html

Centaurea scabiosa:
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/bleeker/holland/centscab.jpg
http://www.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/~stueber/lindman/8.jpg

Centaurea jacea (s.l.)
http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/bleeker/holland/centjac1.jpg

Description---
C. maculosa:
http://www.ct-botanical-society.org/galleries/centaureabieb.html
http://omega.cc.umb.edu/~conne/jennjim/centaurea.html
http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/esadocs/documnts/centmac.html
http://ic.net/~wildones/michigan/spottedknapweed.html
http://www.3rivers.net/~tomelpel/weedsinfo/Centaurea_spp.htm
http://www.dot.state.ut.us/mnt/Roadside/WeedPages/spottedknap.htm
http://www.usask.ca/agriculture/plantsci/classes/range/centaurea.html

C. stroebe: (European group)
http://www.ipk-gatersleben.de/~ochsmann/centaurea/centaurea-stoebe-Europe.htm

Illustration:
http://www.ipk-gatersleben.de/~ochsmann/centaurea/rchb_f_plate_48.htm

Regards,
Dana Scott